Subsidies
What is a subsidy?A subsidy is any measure that keeps prices for consumers below the market level or keeps prices for producers above the market level, or that reduces costs for consumers and producers by giving direct or indirect support. (Source: Earth Council) |
Resources
Subsidies and the environment: An overview of the state of knowledge
OECD, 2002
Stop the Dumping! How EU Agricultural Subsidies Are Damaging Livelihoods in the Developing World ,
Oxfam Briefing Paper, 2002
Subsidy reform deals to jumpstart global sustainability
http://europa.eu.int/comm/development/body/publications/courier/courier193/en/en_042_ni.pdf
EU, 2002
Energy Subsidy Reform and Sustainable Development: Challenges for Policy Makers.
http://www.iea.org/dbtw-wpd/textbase/papers/2001/sustain_report.pdf
UNEP, 2001Progress on eliminating destructive subsidies
SPAC Caucus, 2000
Perverse subsidies and biodiversity loss
IUCN, 1999
The Impact of Export Subsidies on the Environment
ICTSD, 1999
Before the House
Committee on the Budget Regarding Unnecessary Business Subsidies
Citizens for Tax Justice, 1999
Subsidy reform: Doing more to help the environment by spending less on activities that harm it
IUCN, 1998
Subsidizing Unsustainable Development: Undermining the Earth with Public Funds
Earth Council, 1997
Perverse Incentives: Subsidies and Sustainable Development: Key issues and reform strategies
Earth Council,.1997
Common Cause National Magazine, 1995
The ecological perversity of energy subsidies
Regional and environmental center of Central and Eastern Europe
Publications of the Green Scissors Campaign
Environmental Working Group's Farm Subsidy Database
WTO gateway on subsidies and counterveiling measures